Young Earth Science

Sunday, June 22, 2025

Biological Essentialism, Elon Musk & Stranded Astronauts

What is Biological Essentialism? Cats are cats, bats are bats and apes and people do not have a common ancestor. Horses, hydras and humans are examples of Essential Types of Life (ETL's). Bio-Essentialism is explained in fine detail in this book which came out in 2021:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/biological-essentialism-jay-hall/1140135320

This controversial work is fully illustrated with hundreds of graphics and the innovative ideas are well documented with over 500 reference notes. Biological Essentialism holds that there exists ETL's, such as bears and penguins - these are distinct kinds of organisms that do not have a common ancestor and organic variation has limits. Would you like to learn more about human exceptionalism (see graphic ☺), the fruit of evolution and the meaning of life? If so, this book is for you! Get your copy today:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/biological-essentialism-jay-hall/1140135320

My book on the topic came out 2 years before Dr. Michael Devitt's book with the same title from Oxford University Press:

https://youngearthscienceblog.blogspot.com/2023/08/biological-essentialism-vs-biological.html

A post from 2020 on what makes up "Biological Essentialism" >>

https://youngearthscienceblog.blogspot.com/2020/05/what-is-biological-essentialism.html

Biological Essentialism is basically Aristotle's Biology! It, of course, is 100% consistent with the Genesis Kinds (baramin). Did you know that one of the stranded astronauts, Barry Wilmore, falls into the "Bio-Essentialism" camp? https://ironsharpensironradio.com/2025/05/07/may-6-2025-show-with-astronaut-barry-wilmore-on-trusting-in-gods-sovereignty-while-stranded-in-outer-space-plus-dr-jason-lisle-on-how-do-most-secular-scientists-disagree-with-the-biblically/

Sunita Williams & "Captain Butch" were stuck in space for 286 days (as in Nh-286 ☺). Elon Musk's SpaceX-Dragon rescued the marooned crew and they splashed down off the Florida coast March 18th (can you say "Gilligan"?). Here's a great interview with Captain Butch from Dr. Danny Faulkner (who I've met) and "Rocket" Rob Webb:

https://answersingenesis.org/videos/heres-what-caused-this-nasa-astronaut-to-believe-in-god/

So, who believes in Biological Essentialism and what is the evidence for it? Bio-Essentialism is the true opposite of Darwinism. If fact, it is the genuine #UnDarwinism ... You may be thinking, "But what about Intelligent Design and Seattle's Discovery Institute and Joe Rogan?" (who had Stephen Meyer on his show):

https://stephencmeyer.org/2023/07/13/joe-rogan-and-stephen-meyer-talk-science-and-faith-in-new-interview/

I quote David Berlinski (Human Nature) a number of times in my book:

www.barnesandnoble.com/w/biological-essentialism-jay-hall/1140135320

Jean-Henri Fabre (d. 1915) was the Father of Modern Entomology (see graphic) and wrote the 10 volume Souvenirs Entomoligiques. Darwin knew him and said he was an “inimitable observer.” Fabre rejected Molecules-to-Man transformism:

A bat is a rat that has grown wings; the cuckoo is a sparrow-hawk that has retired from business; the slug, a snail which…has lost its shell; the night-jar…is an old toad which…has grown feathers in order to enter the folds and milk the goats. Nothing gives him [the Darwinist] pause in tracing the descent of animals. He has a reply for everything: this comes from that.

https://www.icr.org/article/jean-henri-fabre-anti-evolutionist

Louis Vialleton (d. 1929) was the first Professor of Histology in the Faculty of Medicine of Montpellier (France). He was Dean for few years and he vigorously rejected evolution. Vialleton argued that when we examine morphology as a complete association of structure and function in the whole animal, transformism must be denied. Vialleton's Conception of Morphology related to the Platonic ideals.

https://isidore.science/document/10.3406/pharm.2015.22909

Now is the time to reject the "Me & Chuck-the-Chimp are 99.9% genetically similar!" line. #SatireRising ...

A paper in Nature from 2010 readily admits that there is an "... extraordinary divergence of the chimpanzee and human" Y chromosomes.

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08700

More recent research published in April of this year gave this result (Nature):

We estimated that the Pongo [Orangutans] expansion of GOLGA8 [Golgi gene] occurred 7.3 Ma, long before the species diverged. After alignment of the translated peptide sequence, we observed 17.1-23.7% divergence from the human copy. Based on studies of the African great ape genomes and humans, GOLGA8 was among more than a dozen loci defined as "core duplicons" ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08816-3

Some say orangutans are our closest primate relative:

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/orangutans-human-relative-evolution

Are we just #SmartApes ? According to Ann Gibbons, writing in Science in an article "Which of Our Genes Make Us Human?" (1998):

We humans like to think of ourselves as special, set apart from the rest of the animal kingdom by our ability to talk, write, build complex structures, and make moral distinctions. ... Varki and his colleagues Elaine Muchmore and Sandra Diaz at UCSD were surprised to find that human cells are missing a particular form of sialic acid, a type of sugar, found in all other mammals studied so far, including the great apes. ... Chromosomes 4, 9, and 12 have also been remodeled differently in chimps and humans ...

http://cogweb.ucla.edu/Abstracts/Gibbons_98.html

As we see in the graphic, the differences in cytochrome among a wide range of organisms do not match the evolutionary expectation. Christian Schwabe, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - Medical University of South Carolina, wrote in 2002:

... when one looks at a table of cytochrome sequences the mammalian proteins resemble each other more than either of them resembles a fish or an insect cytochrome sequence. The groups, however, are not connected by a gentle incline between layers, a smooth increase in sequence differences, the way evolution purportedly works. Bacterial cytochrome differs from yeast cytochrome by as many residues as it does from the same protein in plants, fishes, birds, and mammals (Denton, 1986). The dotted line in Fig. 9 [see the graphic] indicates how sequences would differ if the Darwinian prediction were correct.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.10151

Thus, the evidence favors Biological Essentialism and Darwin missed the boat ... "Goodbye Beagle!" Galápagos gets #SAVED !

https://www.baptistpress.com/resource-library/news/first-person-bible-distribution-the-galapagos-and-the-galapaguenos/

my site: https://totalyouth.us

FYI: 286 is a tetrahedral number (sum of triangular #'s), suppose ur kids' BD's are June 2nd, 11th & 13th ... 2*11*13=286.

YES Virginia, there really is a Captain Butch >>

https://answersingenesis.org/bios/barry-wilmore/

More about Fabre:

http://www.efabre.net

GOLGA8A gene:

https://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=GOLGA8A

Info on core duplicons:

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6920530/

** kudos - graphic sources:

http://www.efabre.net

https://wronghands1.com/2016/02/19/what-separates-us/

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.10151

https://www.baptistpress.com/resource-library/news/first-person-bible-distribution-the-galapagos-and-the-galapaguenos/

#Galápagos #ChrisArnzen #Iron_Sharpens_Iron #Fe_sharpz_Fe #Bibles #Gospel #JN316 ╬ #Heaven #Astronaut #Barry_Butch_Wilmore #Stranded #LOST ? #Gilligan

#LeeWeeks #BGEA #Decision #Elder ╬ #Providence #Is46_10 [beg ...end] #ROM828

#RU_Reformed ? ❀ #Pasadena #EricNielsen #Ev4Me #Evangelical ╬ #Gods_Sovereignty #Job42_2 #OuterSpace #InnerSpace #NoSpace #HiggsField

#JasonLisle #astrophysicist ✨✳✺ #Biblical_Science_Institute #Fabre

#TetrahedralNumberZ ## #TriangularNumberZ ## n(n+1)/2 #Bowling #SNU ... nuttin' what's new w/ you? #CoreDuplicons #Genes_or_Corduroy ? #goligin #Chromosomes #golgin_them_hillls ☺☺ #Denton #Theory_in_Crisis #LA_in_Crisis #EscapeFromLA #Computer_Wore_TennisShoes #Kurt_Russell ✩ #ChristianSchwabe #Gen1to11 #GIII

#Captain_Butch #SmartApes #AnnGibbons #Science #gibbon #TrueTruth #SheBlinded_mew_SCIENCE ♫ #DavidBerlinski #HumanNature #GodRules ♪

#BiologicalEssentialism #Cats_R_Cats #Horses_Hydras_Humans #Oh_My ‼ #Essential_Typesof_LIFE #ETLs #BioEssentialism #Bio_Ess #natural_kinds #Kripke_n_Putnam #Philo_That ! #meaning_of_life ↑ #MichaelDevitt #OxfordUniversityPress #OUP #OU #Norman #TownTavern #Nite_Cook (urs truly)

#Aristotles_Biology #Ond_Hundred_Percent 100% #GenesisKinds #baramin #Noah #Ark #ArkEncounter #KY #FriedChicken !!! #GoThunder ☈ #SunitaWilliams #Nh286 #Elon_Musk #APE #Alternatives_4Public_Efficiency #SpaceX_Dragon

#UnDarwinism #IntelligentDesign #ID #Seattles_OK_Coffee #DiscoveryInstitute #JoeRogan #JRE #StephenMeyer #NFO_WRZ

Saturday, May 17, 2025

Have you ever studied Noah's Flood?

You may have seen the documentary Noah's Ark - The Real Story with Jeremy Bowen from 2004.

https://youtu.be/fjBv29FUiv8

Jeremy Francis John Bowen (b. 1960) is a Welsh journalist who was born in Cardiff. His presentation was very slanted against the truth of Noah's Flood.[1] He should take a trip to the Ark Encounter in Kentucky (Ozzy did).

https://arkencounter.com

Bowen's story mentions the ocean floor (@ 10:40):

https://youtu.be/fjBv29FUiv8

The ocean floor in many places is covered with Manganese (Mn) nodules which are somewhat like pearls and grow from small bits of basalt, pumice, shark teeth or clay. The measured growth rates of these nodules indicate an age of only thousands of years.[2] So, the oceans as we see them today are young.

Bowen seems to completely overlook the fact that the Lord brought the animals to Noah via instinct, Providence or direct miracle (cf. Gen. 6:20; 7:8,9,15).

https://www.icr.org/article/how-did-noah-gather-animals

The program claims that 30M species must have been on the Ark. The *kinds* of animals and plants we find on Earth is a much broader category than Species and is often at the Family level. I tag the Genesis Kinds (baramin) as Essential Types of Life (ETL's). My book Biological Essentialism takes on that very subject.

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w?ean=9781668541234

With this understanding that Kinds (ETL's) are not always equivalent to "specie," how many animals were on Noah's Ark? Some estimates range from 6,744 animals to 16K.

https://arkencounter.com/animals/how-many/

https://answersingenesis.org/noahs-ark/species-and-kinds-and-the-ark/

Noah's Ark - The Real Story claims that there is not enough water to cover the planet. In contrast, let's ask Marilyn vos Savant (born in St. Louis) who has been the Guinness Book of World Records record holder for the highest IQ. She said that, "If the Earth were smooth, all the land would be covered with seawater to a depth of about 8,810 feet ..." In addition, Mars may have had a global deluge to a depth of a kilometer.[3]

David V. Jebson lists seven key reasons why the Deluge must have been universal:

https://www.biblicalcreation.org.uk/biblical_studies/bcs044.html

A number of scholars have gone deep in their research on Flood Legends.

My copy of Folklore in the Old Testament by Sir James Frazer (d. 1941) is over 100 years old! It has 65 pages of Flood traditions. He admits that academics of the past concluded from this historical evidence,

... that such a catastrophe actually occurred, that we have a full and authentic record of it in the Book of Genesis, and that the many legends of a great flood which we find scattered so widely among mankind embody the more or less imperfect, confused, and distorted reminiscences of that tremendous cataclysm.[4]

Explorer and Painter George Catlin (d. 1872) shared this bold revelation:

The calamity which their [Flood] traditions say once befell them, destroying the whole human race, excepting one man, who landed from his canoe on a high mountain in the West. This tradition, however, was not peculiar to the Mandan tribe, for amongst one hundred and twenty different tribes that I have visited in North and South and Central America, not a tribe exists that has not related to me distinct or vague traditions of such a calamity, in which one, or three, or eight persons were saved above the waters.

https://creationism.org/books/FrazerFolkloreOT/FrazerFolkloreOT_0.htm

Wilhelm Wundt (d. 1920), who grew up as a Lutheran, in his Elements Of Folk Psychology claimed that Egypt has no Flood Legend (p. 392):

https://www.gutenberg.org/files/44138/44138-h/44138-h.htm#THE_ART_OF_THE_HEROIC_AGE

In truth, he was sadly mistaken and the saga continues ... deluge sagas (Sintflutsagen):

One "flood myth" in Egyptian mythology involves the god Ra and his daughter Sekhmet. Ra sent Sekhmet to destroy part of humanity for their disrespect and unfaithfulness which resulted in the gods overturning wine jugs to simulate a great flood of blood, so that by getting her drunk on the wine and causing her to pass out her slaughter would cease. This is commemorated in a wine drinking festival during the annual Nile flood.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_flood_myths

What do we make of all these Flood traditions? Dr. Johannes Riem in Die Sintflut in Sage und Wissenschaft (The Deluge in Legend and Science) provided this analysis:

Among all traditions there is none so general, so widespread on earth, and so apt to show what may develop from the same material according to the varying spiritual character of a people as the Flood tradition. Lengthy and thorough discussions with Dr. Kunike have convinced me of the evident correctness of his position that the fact of the Deluge is granted because at the basis of all myths, particularly nature myths, there is a real fact, but that during a subsequent period the material was given its present mythical character and form.[5]

Francis Collins seems to be oblivious to the overwhelming evidence for the Global Flood (2 Pet. 3:5, see below ↓). You may have seen Francis Collins rocking out @ a recent protest in DC:

https://youtu.be/zYSyMmfy5hY

Collins founded #BioLogos and in 2017 IVP put out a dialog/discussion style book titled Old-Earth or Evolutionary Creation? ... that is #TheoEvo

Hugh Ross & his #cru provide the other side of the coin in this "debate." Ross began his career at the age of 7 when he went to the Library to discover why stars are hot! ✨✳✺

https://www.allamericanspeakers.com/speakers/400232/Hugh-Ross

Hugh Ross is not to be confused with the Scottish actor (Patriot Games) with the same name:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Ross_(actor)

It's a real tragedy that Old-Earth or Evolutionary Creation? gives so little attention to the Biblical, Historical and scientific evidence for the Global Flood.

https://www.amazon.com/Global-Flood-Unlocking-Hardcover-Institute/dp/1935587129

The bibliography does include Henry Morris' The Long War Against God: The History and Impact of the Creation/Evolution Conflict (Fwd. by David Jeremiah!). It also has Kurt Wise' fine defense of the reality of Noah's Flood: Faith Form & Time.

Ovid's version of the Flood (@ 5:23):

https://youtu.be/ezdBeGnJSMc

The Babylonian account of Atrahasis (Noah) states that the Ark was a kuphar (kuffah, quffa), which was a large round boat.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuphar#Biblical_significance

Such a vessel would not be seaworthy. This shows that superiority of the Genesis record compared to the Flood Legends of the Ancient Near East.

The Epic of Gilgamesh states that the Ark was a cube!

I want you to recall both the predictions foretold by the holy prophets and the commandment of the Lord and Savior through your apostles. Above all, understand this: In the last days blatant scoffers will come, being propelled by their own evil urges and saying, “Where is his promised return? For ever since our ancestors died, all things have continued as they were from the beginning of creation.” For they deliberately suppress this fact, that by the word of God heavens existed long ago and the earth was formed out of water and by means of water. Through these things the world existing at that time was destroyed when it was deluged with water. But by the same word the present heavens and earth have been reserved for fire, by being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of the ungodly. (2 Peter 3:2-7, NET)

For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but cast them down to hell and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved for judgment; and did not spare the ancient world, but saved Noah, one of eight people, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood on the world of the ungodly; ... then the Lord knows how to deliver the godly out of temptations and to reserve the unjust under punishment for the day of judgment. (2 Pet. 2:4,5,9)

Bibliography on Noah's Flood:

https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/noah-and-the-flood-in-western-thought/bibliography/2F808B0E126EA79AE732C0EFB98A6338

From the Biblical Archaeology Review (BAR):

https://library.biblicalarchaeology.org/collections/noah-and-genesis-flood/

Noah & the Ark (Chabad.org):

https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/246609/jewish/The-Story-of-Noah-and-the-Ark-in-the-Bible.htm

Two items from Britanninca (Noah & Flood Myths):

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Noah

https://www.britannica.com/topic/flood-myth

my site: https://totalyouth.us/

What do you know about the Diluvial Theory?

https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/diluvialism

https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-90-481-2642-2_605

Review of Riem's book (in German):

https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/OAQAY6AXVN3GTRNCRPORV3FIY37YR4NG

** kudos - graphic source:

https://www.craiyon.com/image/_G03RLJMQ_S2zDp3HlWcnw

Notes:

1) "Demolishing a Straw Ark: the BBC's Noah's Ark Fiasco" by Paul Garner, Origins 40, Feb. 2005, pp. 16,17.

2) Is a Young Earth Possible? by Jay Hall (iCAT: Institute for Catastrophism & Tectonics, Big Spring, TX, 2019), pp. 66-68.

https://www.amazon.com/Young-Earth-Possible-Science-Youthful/dp/1088860788/

3) YES - Young Earth Science by Jay Hall (IDEAS: Intelligent Defense of Evolution Alternatives through Science, Big Spring, TX, 2014), pp. 96,97.

https://www.amazon.com/YES-WorldView-Fallacies-Darwinism-2014-11-14/dp/B01K3RF10I

4) Folklore in the Old Testament by James Frazer (Tudor Pub., NYC, 1923, abridged ed.), p. 135.

https://www.amazon.com/Folklore-Old-Testament-Comparative-Religion/dp/0517672510

Here is the unabridged version of Volume 1, see Chapter IV: The Great Flood, p. 104:

https://www.biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/e-books/frazer/folk-lore_in_the_ot_frazer_vol01.pdf

5) quoted in The Flood by Alfred Rehwinkel (Concordia, St. Louis, 1951), p. 129.

#mabul #Deluge #Purity #PUUR #Dove #OliveLeaf #Peace ✌ #Ararat #Ballarat

#Torah #picnic #deviled_eggs ?? #Rainbow #ROYGBIV #Babel #Confusion #chessed #mikvah #Forty_Days #Daze40 #JohnMorris #HenryMorris #GenesisFlood #Deluvial_Theory #GeorgeCatlin #Whitcomb #Noah #FloodMyths #FloodLegends #NorseLegends #OT #NT #Genesis #Gospel ╬ #JN316 #Heaven ↑ #Chabad #AncientNearEast #ANE #Babylon #Atrahasis #Ovid #HughRoss #PatriotGames #BioLogos #IVP #dialog #discussion #debate #OldEarthFallacies #OEF #EvolutionaryCreation #TheoEvo #Francis #FrancisCollins #Secret_of_NUN Ø #HOPE #Ark #NMLs #2x2 #kinds #baramin

#JohannesRiem #DieSintflut_in_SageundWissenschaft #NoahsArk #RealStory #JeremyBowen #Bowen_Arrow ⛏ #JohnMorris

Saturday, March 22, 2025

An Infinite Earth ♁ vs. Reality ∞

Philosophers who thought the Earth was eternal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternity_of_the_world

However, this contradicts the #HeatDeath of the UNIverse:

https://youngearthscienceblog.blogspot.com/2024/05/the-bidenator-in-chief-vs-heatdeath-of.html

Many geologic processes are trumped up as unsolvable enigmas for the Global Flood Theory because of the time factor. Does it take "forever" for Copper (i Cu) to form? We read this from a Springer publication on Metals:

The majority of copper deposits were created by hydrothermal processes when metal sulfides were precipitated from hot waters in fractures and permeable rocks in the subsurface and at seafloor hydrothermal vents. ... Volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits occur in submarine volcanic rocks and are observed forming today at seafloor hydrothermal vents.

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-51175-7_2

Do we find signs of the Flood in the rock record? The dramatic increase of the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr isotope ratio before the Cambrian and then the sudden decrease seems to correlate with extreme erosion and then massive deposition as the Deluge progressed.

https://creation.com/geochemical-evidence-flood

Supposed Pre-Cambrian "ice-age" deposits are better explained by submarine landslides:

Cryogenian [720M-635M] "glacials" have a close association with sedimentary rocks formed in warm climates. Warm, not cold conditions have been interpreted from associated kaolinite, diaspore, redbeds, dolomite, and limestone with phytolites, as well as abundant carbonates with stromatolites and carbonate ooids. Flakestone, a very distinctive fine-grained carbonate facies with its characteristic broken-up clasts, is an indicator of the action of stormy seas and not an ice-covered sea.

https://creation.com/geochemical-evidence-flood

Henry Gee (In Search of Deep Time) makes this blunt admission:

Popular views of science assume that cause, effect, and purpose can be easily discerned: hardly a day goes by without reports of discoveries of genes for homosexuality, good motherhood, breast cancer or alcoholism; of the bones of ancestors and "missing links;" of explanations of why the elephant evolved its trunk or warnings that a certain food item causes a particular disease. Many of the assumptions we make about evolution, especially concerning the history of he as understood from the fossil record, are, however, baseless. The reason for this lies with the fact of the scale of geological time that scientists are dealing with, which is so vast that it defies narrative. [1]

One would wish that Gee applied more critical thinking to the very notion of Deep Time itself!

Note:

1) In Search of Deep Time by Henry Gee (The Free Press, NYC, 1999), pp. 1,2.

https://www.amazon.com/Search-Deep-Time-Beyond-History/dp/068485421X

my site: https://totalyouth.us

>> When I say "YOUNG" you say "EARTH" ♪

Young ... Earth ‼

Jesus AGE verses: Mk. 10:6, Mk. 13:19-20, Lk. 11:50,51.

** kudos - graphic source:

https://www.linkedin.com/posts/geologyoftheworld_geologyoftheworld-studygeology-earthscience-activity-7273754067783286785-_Kxp?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop

#Geology #DeepTime #fossils #DinoZ #soft_tissue #YoungEarth #OldEarth #OEF #OldEarthFallacies #CrackedPlanet #Y6K #YES #YoungEarthScience #YES_Blog #B70GgR #HenryGee #InSearchof #LeonardNimoy (d. 2015) #LEO #Spock #ST_TOS #Son_Worship #Jesus #God #Bible #Gospel #JN316 ╬ #BB6640 #Igneous #Sedimentary #Metamorphic #Rox_Rock !♫ #Cryogenian #Cambrian #Flood #Noah #Deluge #ARK #ArkEncounter #KY #Springer #Metals #HeatDeath #999°K (~1339 °F) #InfiniteEarth ∞ #Reality ↑ #Copper #Cu #Strontium #Philosophy #FOO_losophy ☺☺ #NewEarth #2Peter3_3to14

Wednesday, December 25, 2024

Catastrophism - It's What's For Dinner!

Suppose your son has a serious case of bone cancer. Would you trust a Young Scientist to treat your child? That is, would you trust Doogie Howser (14 yo)?

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0096569/

Would you listen to a Young Earth Scientist #YES who shares evidence for a youthful world? I have written two books on that account:

Is a Young Earth Possible? - How Science and History Point to a Youthful World and Why it Matters ★★★★½

https://www.amazon.com/Young-Earth-Possible-Science-Youthful/dp/1088860788/

YES - Young Earth Science ★★★★

https://www.amazon.com/YES-WorldView-Fallacies-Darwinism-2014-11-14/dp/B01K3RF10I

Catastrophism (most rocks formed fast) is a key pillar in the case for a #YoungPlanet ... Immanuel Velikovsky (Иммануи́л Велико́вский) brought #Catastrophism #CAT into larger public awareness with such works as Worlds in Collision (1950) and Earth in Upheaval (1955):

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Immanuel-Velikovsky

In 2015, Charles Ginenthal came out with Newton, Einstein, and Velikovsky which deals with the instability of the Solar System and challenges mainstream dating methods:

https://www.velikovsky.info/newton-einstein-and-velikovsky/

Einstein (d. 1955) and Velikovsky (d. 1979) corresponded with each other from 1946 to 1955:

http://www.varchive.org/cor/einstein/index.htm

https://www.velikovsky.info/before-the-day-breaks/

What started the #OldEarth fad? Rejecting #CAT ... we read this from the New International Encyclopedia (1915):

Geological work is so slow, and the evidence of vast changes in the past, so clear, that, so long as it was held that the age of the earth was to be reckoned in a period of a few thousand years, no other conclusion was possible than that the changes observed had been rapidly made as a result of stupendous catastrophes. ... however, it was made clear by Hutton and his successors that the recorded facts indicates slow changes, it began to appear possible that the age of the earth was great [millions of years]. The promulgation of the doctrine of evolution, and the increased knowledge of past life, as recorded by the fossils, brought further evidence of the great age of the earth. [1]

What can we say about prejudice against #CAT ? According to Michael Rampino (Biology Prof, NYU),

In 1831, the Scottish horticulturalist Patrick Matthew (1790-1874) published a clear statement of the law of natural selection ... which both Darwin and Wallace later acknowledged. Matthew, however, was a catastrophist, and he presented natural selection within the contemporary view that relatively long intervals of environmental stability [and biological stasis ?] were episodically punctuated by catastrophic mass extinctions of life. https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/darwins-error-patrick-matthew-and-the-catastrophic-nature-of-the-